Skip to content
Conforma

European Accessibility Act Compliance in Belgium

Belgium transposed the European Accessibility Act through several separate instruments rather than one act. The law of 5 November 2023 covers consumer banking and e-commerce services, the royal decree of 1 October 2023 covers products, and the law of 20 July 2023 covers electronic communications. All three take effect from 28 June 2025. Other parts of the EAA sit elsewhere, with the three Communities for audiovisual media services and with other federal services for the answering of emergency communications, so no single Belgian text gives you the whole picture.

Scan your site free
National law Belgium transposed the EAA in several instruments and did so after the deadline. For services the instrument is the Loi du 5 novembre 2023 modifiant plusieurs livres du Code de droit économique et la loi du 2 août 2002 relative à la surveillance du secteur financier et aux services financiers en vue de la transposition partielle de la directive 2019/882, pour ce qui concerne certains services, in Dutch the Wet van 5 november 2023 tot wijziging van diverse boeken van het Wetboek van economisch recht, published in the Moniteur belge and the Belgisch Staatsblad on 28 November 2023 under numac 2023046827. It covers consumer banking and e-commerce services only. For products the instrument is the Arrêté royal du 1er octobre 2023 relatif aux exigences en matière d'accessibilité applicables aux produits, in Dutch the Koninklijk besluit van 1 oktober 2023 betreffende de toegankelijkheidsvoorschriften voor producten, published on 6 November 2023 under numac 2023046360. For electronic communications it is the Loi du 20 juillet 2023 portant modification de la loi du 13 juin 2005 relative aux communications électroniques, published on 29 September 2023 under numac 2023045611. Each text describes itself as a partial transposition of Directive (EU) 2019/882. Both laws state that they enter into force on 28 June 2025, and the royal decree applies to products placed on the market after that date. Belgium missed the 28 June 2022 transposition deadline, since its first EAA instrument dates from July 2023. The Commission sent letters of formal notice to 24 member states on 20 July 2022 for not communicating full transposition, and the list of recipients could not be retrieved for this page, so whether Belgium was on it is not confirmed here. Sectors outside these federal texts, including audiovisual media services and parts of transport, sit with the Regions and Communities, and no consolidated Belgian list of those instruments was found.
Web standard Belgium applies EN 301 549 through the EU route rather than through a national standard of its own. Article 12 of the royal decree of 1 October 2023 gives products conforming to harmonised standards whose references are published in the Official Journal of the European Union a presumption of conformity with the accessibility requirements, and EN 301 549 is the harmonised standard for ICT. The substantive requirements themselves sit in the annexes to Book VIII of the Code de droit économique for services and in the royal decree for products. Belgium has no private sector national standard of the kind France has in the RGAA or Germany in the BITV. The federal monitoring service for the separate public sector regime, at the SPF BOSA, also works from EN 301 549. AnySurfer is a Belgian accessibility label run by a non-profit organisation. It is widely used in the market and carries no legal status under the EAA.
Enforcement Market surveillance is split by sector. For e-commerce and consumer banking services it is the Direction générale de l'Inspection économique, in Dutch the Algemene Directie Economische Inspectie, of the SPF Economie, P.M.E., Classes moyennes et Energie, acting through the agents designated under article XV.2 of the Code de droit économique. For products, article 2 of the royal decree of 1 October 2023 designates a different service of the same federal department, the Direction générale de l'Energie. For electronic communications it is the Institut belge des services postaux et des télécommunications, in Dutch the Belgisch Instituut voor postdiensten en telecommunicatie, the Belgian postal and telecoms regulator. The FSMA is not a market surveillance authority for the EAA. Article 37 of the law of 5 November 2023 amends only article 75, paragraph 1, 13 of the loi du 2 août 2002 relative à la surveillance du secteur financier et aux services financiers, which governs the sharing of information with competent authorities of other member states, so that it now covers the accessibility requirements for services in Book VIII, Title 5. Under article XV.18/5 of the Code de droit économique any person may file a complaint about the accessibility of products and services free of charge with those agents. In practice the entry point is the SPF Economie ConsumerConnect portal, its online infringement report form, the address info.eco@economie.fgov.be or the free line 0800 120 33. On penalties, articles XV.99/1 and XV.101/1 punish breaches with a sanction de niveau 2, which article XV.70 defines as a criminal fine of EUR 26 to 10,000, rising to niveau 3, EUR 26 to 25,000, where the breach is committed in bad faith. Those figures carry the statutory surcharge under the loi du 5 mars 1952 relative aux décimes additionnels, a multiplier of eight since 1 January 2017, which puts the practical ceilings at about EUR 80,000 and EUR 200,000. A SPF Economie note of 2 July 2025 says sanctions can reach EUR 200,000 or 6 percent of annual turnover for the most serious infringements. The EUR 200,000 matches the statute. The 6 percent could not be traced to any article of the Code de droit économique and should be treated with care.

Who has to comply in Belgium

Under the federal law of 5 November 2023, the covered services are consumer banking services and e-commerce services supplied to consumers in Belgium, wherever the seller is established. Electronic communications services fall under the law of 20 July 2023, supervised by the IBPT/BIPT. Products such as self-service terminals, e-readers and general purpose consumer computer hardware fall under the royal decree of 1 October 2023, which applies to products placed on the market after 28 June 2025. The EU micro-enterprise exemption covers services only, not products: fewer than 10 staff and annual turnover or annual balance sheet total no higher than EUR 2 million. Article 40 of the Belgian law writes this as an exclusion running until 28 June 2030, which reads as time limited, while the directive sets no end date for the services exemption. Public bodies follow a separate regime under the loi du 19 juillet 2018 on the accessibility of public sector websites and mobile applications, which transposes Directive (EU) 2016/2102 and has nothing to do with the EAA.

The deadlines that matter

28 June 2022

EU deadline for transposing the EAA. Belgium had adopted no transposing instrument by this date

20 July 2023

Law amending the electronic communications act of 13 June 2005 adopted, partial transposition for telecoms (Moniteur belge, 29 September 2023)

1 October 2023

Royal decree on accessibility requirements for products adopted (Moniteur belge, 6 November 2023)

5 November 2023

Law amending the Code de droit économique adopted, covering consumer banking and e-commerce services (Moniteur belge, 28 November 2023)

28 June 2025

The two laws enter into force and the royal decree starts to apply to products placed on the market; EAA obligations bite

28 June 2030

End of the transition for service contracts agreed before 28 June 2025, and the date to which article 40 runs the micro-enterprise exclusion

28 June 2035

Latest date to which article 40 lets excluded micro-enterprises keep serving customers with products they already used lawfully

WCAG 2.2 AA, EN 301 549

Prove your Belgium compliance

Conforma tests your site against WCAG 2.2 AA and EN 301 549, the harmonised standard the Belgian royal decree relies on for presumption of conformity. You get a statement template built from the information points in Annexe 2 to Book VIII of the Code de droit économique, which article VIII.60 requires service providers to make available, plus a dated record of every issue found and fixed. Automated testing covers part of what EN 301 549 asks for and does not by itself make a service compliant, so treat the output as evidence and as a work list for manual review.

Belgium EAA questions, answered

When did the EAA start applying in Belgium, and is there a transition?

The two Belgian laws took effect on 28 June 2025, and the royal decree applies to products placed on the market after that date. Article 39 of the law of 5 November 2023 lets service contracts agreed before 28 June 2025 run to their end for at most five more years, and lets providers keep using products they already used lawfully until 28 June 2030. Self-service terminals already in service may run to the end of their economic life, capped at twenty years from the date they were put into use.

Is my small business exempt?

The EU exemption applies to services only and never to products: fewer than 10 staff and annual turnover or annual balance sheet total of no more than EUR 2 million. Belgium wrote it into article 40 of the law of 5 November 2023 as an exclusion that runs until 28 June 2030, with a further period to 28 June 2035 for continuing to serve customers with products already used lawfully. That reads as time limited, while the directive sets no end date for the services exemption. Take advice before relying on either reading.

Which accessibility standard applies in Belgium?

Belgium works from EN 301 549 and has no national accessibility standard for the private sector, unlike France with the RGAA or Germany with the BITV. Article 12 of the royal decree of 1 October 2023 gives products that meet harmonised standards published in the EU Official Journal a presumption of conformity, and EN 301 549 is the relevant one for ICT. Which WCAG version applies in practice depends on the version of EN 301 549 cited in the Official Journal. AnySurfer is a Belgian private label with no legal status under the EAA.

Who enforces the EAA in Belgium and what are the penalties?

The Inspection économique of the SPF Economie handles e-commerce and consumer banking, the Direction générale de l'Energie handles products, and the IBPT/BIPT handles electronic communications. Anyone may complain free of charge under article XV.18/5 of the Code de droit économique. Articles XV.99/1 and XV.101/1 set a criminal fine at niveau 2, or niveau 3 for bad faith, which article XV.70 puts at EUR 26 to 10,000 and EUR 26 to 25,000. With the statutory surcharge of eight those reach about EUR 80,000 and EUR 200,000.

This page is a plain-English summary, not legal advice. Check the cited national law for specifics.

Common fixes to check

Most sites fail the same WCAG checks first. Each guide has a plain-language fix and a before/after snippet you can copy.

See all fix guides

See where your site stands in seconds

A free scan against WCAG 2.2 AA, a plain-language fix for every issue, and a Belgium-specific accessibility statement when you need one.

No sign-up required. Uses axe-core.